Abstract
Chemokines are critical components in pathology. The roles of chemokine CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4) and its receptor are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases. However, due to the complexity of these diseases, the specific effects of CCL4 remain unclear, although recent reports have suggested that multiple pathways are related to CCL4. In this review, we provide an overview of the role and potential mechanisms of CCL4 and one of its major receptors, fifth CC chemokine receptor (CCR5), in DM and cardiovascular diseases. CCL4-related mechanisms, including CCL4 and CCR5, might provide potential therapeutic targets in DM and/or atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease; Chemokine; Chemokine CC motif ligand 4; Diabetes mellitus; Fifth CC chemokine receptor.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
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Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy
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Cardiovascular Diseases / immunology
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Cardiovascular Diseases / metabolism*
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Chemokine CCL4 / immunology
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Chemokine CCL4 / metabolism*
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Diabetes Complications / immunology
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Diabetes Complications / metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / immunology
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / metabolism*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / immunology
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism*
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Humans
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Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Ligands
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Receptors, CCR5 / immunology
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Receptors, CCR5 / metabolism
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Signal Transduction* / drug effects
Substances
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CCL4 protein, human
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CCR5 protein, human
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Cardiovascular Agents
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Chemokine CCL4
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Hypoglycemic Agents
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Ligands
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Receptors, CCR5