Chitosan and oligochitosan enhance ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) resistance to rhizome rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum in storage

Carbohydr Polym. 2016 Oct 20:151:474-479. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.103. Epub 2016 May 28.

Abstract

The ability of chitosan and oligochitosan to enhance ginger (Zingiber officinale) resistance to rhizome rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum in storage was investigated. Both chitosan and oligochitosan at 1 and 5g/L significantly inhibited rhizome rot, with the best control at 5g/L. Chitosan and oligochitosan applied at 5g/L also reduced weight loss, measured as a decrease in fresh weight, but did not affect soluble solids content or titratable acidity of rhizomes. The two compounds applied at 5g/L induced β-1,3-glucanase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity and the transcript levels of their coding genes, as well as the total phenolic compounds in rhizome tissues. Therefore, the ability of chitosan and oligochitosan to reduce rot in stored rhizomes may be associated with their ability to induce defense responses in ginger. These results have practical implications for the application of chitosan and oligochitosan to harvested ginger rhizomes to reduce postharvest losses.

Keywords: Chitosan; Defense response; Fusarium oxysporum; Ginger rhizome; Oligochitosan.

MeSH terms

  • Chitin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Chitin / pharmacology
  • Chitosan
  • Fusarium / drug effects*
  • Fusarium / physiology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / drug effects
  • Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase / genetics
  • Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase / metabolism
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / genetics
  • Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / metabolism
  • Plant Diseases / microbiology
  • Plant Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism
  • Rhizome / drug effects*
  • Rhizome / enzymology
  • Rhizome / genetics
  • Rhizome / microbiology
  • Zingiber officinale / drug effects*
  • Zingiber officinale / enzymology
  • Zingiber officinale / genetics
  • Zingiber officinale / microbiology

Substances

  • Oligosaccharides
  • Plant Proteins
  • oligochitosan
  • Chitin
  • Chitosan
  • Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase
  • Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase