Novel 3-Aminothiazolquinolones: Design, Synthesis, Bioactive Evaluation, SARs, and Preliminary Antibacterial Mechanism

J Med Chem. 2016 May 26;59(10):4488-510. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01678. Epub 2016 May 5.

Abstract

A series of novel 3-aminothiazolquinolones as analogues of quinolone antibacterial agents were designed and synthesized in an effort to circumvent quinolone resistance. Among these 3-aminothiazolquinolones, 3-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-7-chloro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) quinolone 12b exhibited potent antibacterial activity, low cytotoxicity to hepatocyte cells, strong inhibitory potency to DNA gyrase, and a broad antimicrobial spectrum including against multidrug-resistant strains. This active molecule 12b also induced bacterial resistance more slowly than norfloxacin. Analysis of structure-activity relationships (SARs) disclosed that the 2-aminothiazole fragment at the 3-position of quinolone plays an important role in exerting antibacterial activity. Molecular modeling and experimental investigation of aminothiazolquinolone 12b with DNA from a sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain revealed that the possible antibacterial mechanism might be related to the formation of a compound 12b-Cu(2+)-DNA ternary complex in which the Cu(2+) ion acts as a bridge between the backbone of 3-aminothiazolquinolone and the phosphate group of the nucleic acid.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • DNA Gyrase / metabolism*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Design*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects*
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Structure
  • PC12 Cells
  • Quinolones / chemical synthesis
  • Quinolones / chemistry
  • Quinolones / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazoles / chemical synthesis
  • Thiazoles / chemistry
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology*

Substances

  • 3-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-7-chloro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolone
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Quinolones
  • Thiazoles
  • DNA Gyrase