Background: Non-HLA genes may contribute to the prognosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We investigated associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in regions of MORC4, CD14, TLR4, NOD2, SLC22A4, SLC22A5, CARD8, NLRP3, and CLDN2 and the outcomes of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Material and methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in selected regions were determined and analyzed for putative associations with overall mortality and acute graft-versus-host disease. Significant associations were further explored by logistic regression, controlling for additional variables.
Results: A significant association was identified between overall mortality among recipients and a nonsynonymous coding variant of MORC4 (rs6622126) in the recipient genetic makeup (P=0.029). Since MORC4 is located on the X-chromosome, the results were also analyzed separately for males and females. The association between overall mortality for recipients and the risk allele (rs6622126; A) was confirmed for males with respect to genetic makeup of recipients (P=0.012), donor genetic makeup (P=0.004), and the combined allele composition of the donor and recipient (P=0.001). A significant association was also identified between overall mortality and the recipient risk allele of CD14 (rs2569190; P=0.031), TLR4 (rs4986790; P=0.043), and NOD2 (carriage of at least 1 mutant allele of rs2066844, rs2066845, or rs2066847; P=0.048). Among the investigated genes, only the CD14 (rs2569190) recipient risk allele was significantly associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (P=0.023). Logistic regression models confirmed these findings, except for NOD2, and also identified a significant contribution by age at stem cell transplantation (MORC4, CD14, TLR4), diagnosis (CD14, TLR4), and prophylaxis (MORC4).
Conclusions: Genetic variation in MORC4, CD14, and TLR4 may affect the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.