Photophysics of a Live-Cell-Marker, Red Silicon-Substituted Xanthene Dye

J Phys Chem A. 2015 Nov 5;119(44):10854-62. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07898. Epub 2015 Oct 23.

Abstract

Dyes with near-red emission are of great interest because of their undoubted advantages for use as probes in living cells. In-depth knowledge of their photophysics is essential for employment of such dyes. In this article, the photophysical behavior of a new silicon-substituted xanthene, 7-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-10-(o-tolyl)dibenzo[b,e]silin-3(5H)-one (2-Me TM), was explored by means absorption, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence. First, the near-neutral pH, ground-state acidity constant of the dye, pKN-A, was determined by absorbance and steady-state fluorescence at very low buffer concentrations. Next, we determined whether the addition of phosphate buffer promoted the excited-state proton-transfer (ESPT) reaction among the neutral and anion form of 2-Me TM in aqueous solutions at near-neutral pH. For this analysis, both the steady-state fluorescence method and time-resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES) were employed. The TRES experiments demonstrated a remarkably favored conversion of the neutral form to the anion form. Then, the values of the excited-state rate constants were determined by global analysis of the fluorescence decay traces recorded as a function of pH, and buffer concentration. The revealed kinetic parameters were consistent with the TRES results, exhibiting a higher rate constant for deprotonation than for protonation, which implies an unusual low value of the excited-state acidity constant pK*N-A and therefore an enhanced photoacid behavior of the neutral form. Finally, we determined whether 2-Me TM could be used as a sensor inside live cells by measuring the intensity profile of the probe in different cellular compartments of HeLa 229 cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Membrane Permeability
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism*
  • HeLa Cells / cytology
  • HeLa Cells / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Light*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Organosilicon Compounds / chemistry*
  • Organosilicon Compounds / metabolism
  • Physical Phenomena
  • Protons*
  • Silicon / chemistry*
  • Xanthenes / chemistry
  • Xanthenes / metabolism

Substances

  • 7-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-10-(o-tolyl)dibenzo(b,e)silin-3(5H)-one
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Organosilicon Compounds
  • Protons
  • Xanthenes
  • Silicon