Urine Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in Neonatal Septicemia

J Trop Pediatr. 2015 Aug;61(4):295-300. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmv043. Epub 2015 Jun 30.

Abstract

This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate diagnostic efficacy of urine nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using broad-range 16SrDNA PCR-based amplification, followed by restriction analysis and sequencing in neonatal septicemia. The study included 50 babies; 48% had vaginal delivery, 46% were preterm, 20% had a history of prolonged rupture of membranes and 56% were low birth weight (≤2500 g). Clinical presentations were lethargy (96%), respiratory distress (80%) and bleeding diathesis (16%). Absolute neutrophil count <1800/mm(3) was observed in 60%, and positive C-reactive protein in 46%. Thirty neonates had positive blood culture, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22%) was the predominant organism. Nested urine PCR was positive in 38 (76%) and detected bacterial DNA in 8 neonates with negative blood cultures. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of nested PCR were 100, 60, 78.9, 100 and 84%, respectively, compared with blood culture. Nested PCR can detect most bacteria in single assay and identify unusual and unexpected causal agents.

Keywords: CRP (C-reactive protein); NPV (negative predictive value); PPV (positive predictive value); Septicemia; neonates; polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

MeSH terms

  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • DNA / analysis
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Female
  • Genes, rRNA / genetics
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / isolation & purification
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / analysis*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sepsis / diagnosis*
  • Sepsis / microbiology
  • Sepsis / urine*
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification
  • Urine / microbiology*

Substances

  • DNA, Bacterial
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • DNA