As a result of complex hygienic evaluation of working conditions of various professional groups ofpersonnel of State Emergency Service of Ukraine the labor activity of fire-rescues was found to occur in more hazardous conditions than appeared in fire trucks drivers and fire safety inspectors. The work in the area of fire extinguishing was shown to significantly affect on professionally important physiological functions of firemen, causing a decline in attention, memory, accuracy, reactions, increasing of the level of anxiety. Results of the study of the functional state of the cardiovascular system show a decrease in its functional reserves and adaptive capabilities in groups of firefighters and fire trucks drivers, compared with the inspectors. There was revealed the accelerated biological aging of firefighters--biological age appears to be significantly higher than the calendar one in average by 3.2 years, which is much more similar to the difference in other occupational groups (p < 0.01). In the mechanisms offunctional disregulatory disorders in fire-rescues the important role was established to belong to significant changes in the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system, which exhibits a high secretory activity with a predominance of hormonal level response and the relative increase of the free forms of catecholamines on the background of a relative decrease in its reserve possibilities and metabolic uncoupling processes. The data obtained were hygienic prerequisitesfor the development of the complex psycho-hygienic prevention and medical and psychological rehabilitation of fire-rescue workers admitted in the Specialized center for medical and psychological rehabilitation of the State Service of Ukraine for emergencies, working at the base of the sanatorium "Odessa".