Objective: To analyze the correlation between olfactory bulb (OB) volume with depth of olfactory sulcus (OS) and olfactory function in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD).
Methods: One hundred patients with IPD between January 2011 to December 2013 in Tianjin Huanhu Hospotal were compared with one hundred controls in terms of olfactory function T&T testing, OB volume and depth of OS assessed with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). One hundred IPD patients were investigated and estimated H-Y degrees, UPDRS, MMSE, MoCA. SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.
Results: T&T olfactory testing revealed that IPD patients (3.0 ± 0.3) had higher scores than controls (1.3 ± 0.2, t = 2.537, P < 0.01). Both men and women with IPD were affected by the same extent of olfactory loss (t = 0.893, P > 0.05). Both men and women as controls were affected by the same extent of olfactory loss(t = 1.184, P > 0.05). OB volume of left side in IPD patients was (34.25 ± 5.14) mm(3), right side was (35.79 ± 5.28)mm(3), average OB volume was (35.28 ± 5.21) mm(3); OB volume of left side in controls was (47.38 ± 6.47) mm(3), right side was (47.75 ± 6.51) mm(3), average OB volume was (47.53 ± 6.49) mm(3); OB volume were lower in IPD patients as compared to controls (t value were 2.876, 2.747, 2.798, all P < 0.01). OS depth study revealed no statistical difference between IPD patients and controls (t value were 0.914, 0.987, 0.951, all P > 0.05). Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with average OB volume in IPD patients and controls (r value were -0.537,-0.526, both P < 0.05); was no correlated with average depth of OS (r value were -0.142, -0.157, both P > 0.05). There was relation between the average OB volume and UPDRS III, UPDRS, the degree of H-Y in IPD patients (r value were 0.312, -0.419, -0.358, all P < 0.05). However the average OB volume was not related to the course of disease (r = -0.089, P > 0.05).
Conclusions: The OB volume is lower in IPD patients as compared to controls, the depth of OS have no significant changes in IPD patients; The OB volume is correlated with olfactory function, the depth of OS is not correlated with olfactory function; Olfactory function lower degree is accordance with serious degree in IPD patients, is not accordance with the course of disease.