Orthodontic miniscrews: an experimental campaign on primary stability and bone properties

Eur J Orthod. 2015 Oct;37(5):531-8. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cju081. Epub 2014 Dec 24.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the primary stability of different shaped miniscrews through the acquisition of data regarding maximum insertion torque, pullout force, and a radiodiagnosic evaluation of bone characteristics.

Materials and methods: Sixty fresh porcine bone samples were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). By means of a dedicated software, CT and CBCT images were analysed to measure the insertion-site cortical thickness, cortical density, and marrow bone density. Sixty miniscrews of 12 different types were implanted with no predrilling pilot hole in the bone samples. Every device was tightened by means of a digital torque screwdriver and torque data were collected. Subsequently, pullout tests were performed. Spearman and Pearson correlations were employed to compare any relationship between continuous variables.

Results: Different types of miniscrews did not show statistically significant differences in their torque value (P = 0.595), instead a significant difference was revealed by considering their load measures (P = 0.039). Cortical bone thickness resulted strongly correlated both with value of load (P < 0.001), and modestly with torque measures (P = 0.004). A strong positive correlation was found between CT and CBCT both for cortical density (P < 0.001) and marrow bone density (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Bone characteristics play the major role in miniscrews primary stability.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Density / physiology
  • Bone Marrow / anatomy & histology
  • Bone Marrow / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone Screws*
  • Bone-Implant Interface / anatomy & histology
  • Bone-Implant Interface / diagnostic imaging
  • Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / methods
  • Dental Stress Analysis
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Materials Testing
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Miniaturization
  • Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / instrumentation*
  • Orthodontic Appliance Design*
  • Ribs / anatomy & histology
  • Ribs / diagnostic imaging
  • Stress, Mechanical
  • Swine
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods
  • Torque