Determination of equine deep digital flexor muscle volume based on distances between anatomical landmarks

Res Vet Sci. 2014 Oct;97(2):397-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.08.006. Epub 2014 Sep 2.

Abstract

In equine medicine the use of Botox® is experimental. Dosages are determined from human treatment-protocols and limited numbers of equine studies. Determination of target-muscle volume can be helpful to extrapolate human dosages. The aim of the study was to calculate a formula enabling the estimation of the deep digital flexor muscle (DDFM) volume based on distances between anatomical landmarks. Nineteen cadaveric limbs were collected and distance A (top of olecranon to Os carpi accessorium) and B (circumference of limb) were measured. Converting mathematical formulas, C was calculated: π × (((0.5B)/π)(2)) × A. DDFM volume was determined by water displacement. Linear Regression Analysis was used to analyse data. The line best fitting the observed points was: Ln(volume[ml]) = -1.89 + 0.98 × Ln(value C[cm(3)]). Correlation was highest when natural logarithm was applied to both variables and was 0.97. The calculated formula enables estimating DDFM volume of a living horse. This estimated volume can be useful to apply human Botox® treatment-protocols.

Keywords: Botox; deep digital flexor; equine; laminitis; muscle volume.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / therapeutic use
  • Cadaver
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Extremities / anatomy & histology*
  • Horses / anatomy & histology*
  • Humans
  • Mathematics / methods*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / anatomy & histology*
  • Olecranon Process / anatomy & histology
  • Organ Size
  • Ulna / anatomy & histology

Substances

  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A