In the presence of antischistosomular serum (Ab), the adherence of macrophages (Mø) eosinophils (Eos) and neutrophils(Neu) to and the killing effect on schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum were studied with a mouse model. In vitro experiment showed that all the three kinds of effector cells could adhere to the surface of the schistosomula when opsonized with specific Ab resulting in the significant increase in the percentage of dead schistosomula. When SPA was added to the system, the percentage of schistosomula with adherent cells decreased markedly. It was revealed that the adherence of cells was at least partially through the binding of Fc fragment of IgG to Fc receptor on the cell surfaces. After having been incubated with Ab and/or cells for 18 h in vitro, the schistosomula were inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of mice. The adult recovery rate 6 weeks after inoculation in groups Eos + Ab and Mø + Ab were significantly lower than that of the control group (P less than 0.01).