Risk factors for early hemorrhagic complications after endovascular coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Nov-Dec;35(11):2136-9. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4033. Epub 2014 Jul 3.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The risk factors of early hemorrhagic complications after endovascular coiling are not well-known. We identified the factors affecting early hemorrhagic complications, defined as any expansion or appearance of hemorrhage shown by head CT in the initial 48 hours after coiling.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed a series of 93 patients who underwent coiling for a ruptured saccular aneurysm between 2006 and 2012 at our hospital.

Results: Five patients showed early hemorrhagic complications, and all involved an expansion of the existing intracerebral hematoma immediately after coiling. The associated risk factors were accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage at onset (P < .001), postoperative antiplatelet therapy (P < .001), and thromboembolic complications (P = .044). In the accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage group, the associated risk factors were postoperative antiplatelet therapy (P = .044) and earlier initiation of coiling (9.8 ± 6.5 versus 28.1 ± 24.0 hours, P = .023). Early hemorrhagic complications were significant risk factors for worse clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 2.02 ± 2.21 versus 4.4 ± 2.30, P = .022). None of the 93 patients showed further hemorrhage after the initial 48 hours after coiling.

Conclusions: The accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage at onset, thromboembolic complications, postoperative antiplatelet therapy, and earlier initiation of coiling were the risk factors for early hemorrhagic complications.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / therapy*
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / adverse effects*
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / methods
  • Endovascular Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Endovascular Procedures / instrumentation
  • Female
  • Hematoma / epidemiology
  • Hematoma / etiology
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / surgery*
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors