Collective philanthropy: describing and modeling the ecology of giving

PLoS One. 2014 Jul 1;9(7):e98876. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098876. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Reflective of income and wealth distributions, philanthropic gifting appears to follow an approximate power-law size distribution as measured by the size of gifts received by individual institutions. We explore the ecology of gifting by analysing data sets of individual gifts for a diverse group of institutions dedicated to education, medicine, art, public support, and religion. We find that the detailed forms of gift-size distributions differ across but are relatively constant within charity categories. We construct a model for how a donor's income affects their giving preferences in different charity categories, offering a mechanistic explanation for variations in institutional gift-size distributions. We discuss how knowledge of gift-sized distributions may be used to assess an institution's gift-giving profile, to help set fundraising goals, and to design an institution-specific giving pyramid.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Altruism*
  • Humans
  • Income*
  • Models, Theoretical*

Grants and funding

PSD was supported by National Science Foundation CAREER Award # 0846668. The authors are grateful for the computational resources provided by the Vermont Advanced Computing Core, which is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (NNX 08A096G). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.