(A) Lead isotope ratios (207Pb/206Pb vs. 208Pb/206Pb) and (B) geological parameters (κ vs. Tmod) for the leached samples from cores TR14 (red) and CN1 (blue), the modern Tiber bedload (yellow), and Rome fistulæ (green). The gray fields correspond to the light and dark gray shaded time slice bands of and overlap the samples from core TR14 in accordance with the respective historical periods. The two mixing lines (gray dashes) connect, respectively, α and β on the one hand, and α′ and α″ on the other. The α end-member corresponds to unpolluted Tiber water and is composed of the Mediterranean outflow water (α″, blue ellipse) () and volcanic rocks from the Alban Hills (α′, orange ellipse) (, ). β is the anthropogenic end-member.