Temporal dynamics underlying the modulation of social status on social attention

PLoS One. 2014 Mar 25;9(3):e93139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093139. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Fixating someone suddenly moving the eyes is known to trigger a corresponding shift of attention in the observer. This phenomenon, known as gaze-cueing effect, can be modulated as a function of the social status of the individual depicted in the cueing face. Here, in two experiments, we investigated the temporal dynamics underlying this modulation. To this end, a gaze-cueing paradigm was implemented in which centrally-placed faces depicting high- and low-status individuals suddenly shifted the eyes towards a location either spatially congruent or incongruent with that occupied by a subsequent target stimulus. Social status was manipulated by presenting fictive Curriculum Vitae before the experimental phase. In Experiment 1, in which two temporal intervals (50 ms vs. 900 ms) occurred between the direct-gaze face and the averted-gaze face onsets, a stronger gaze-cueing effect in response to high-status faces than low-status faces was observed, irrespective of the time participants were allowed for extracting social information. In Experiment 2, in which two temporal intervals (200 ms vs. 1000 ms) occurred between the averted-gaze face and target onset, a stronger gaze cueing for high-status faces was observed at the shorter interval only. Taken together, these results suggest that information regarding social status is extracted from faces rapidly (Experiment 1), and that the tendency to selectively attend to the locations gazed by high-status individuals may decay with time (Experiment 2).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Attention*
  • Cues
  • Eye Movements
  • Humans
  • Interpersonal Relations*
  • Social Class*
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

The present research was financially supported by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (Futuro in Ricerca, 2012 Grant RBFR12F0BD). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.