Headache and facial pain: differential diagnosis and treatment

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013 May-Jun;1(3):242-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.03.014. Epub 2013 Apr 29.

Abstract

Headaches affect 90% of the population sometime during their life. Most are benign and fleeting, some are serious and life-threatening, and others require ongoing medical consultation and treatment. A careful history and physical is necessary to establish a differential diagnosis and to guide the choice of testing to make an accurate diagnosis. The most common types of headaches are discussed in this review. They are divided into primary and secondary headache disorders as classified by the International Headache Society. Primary headache disorders include migraine without and with aura, cluster and tension-type headaches. Secondary headaches are those that occur as a result of some other disorder and include brain tumors, rhinosinusitis, diseases of intracranial and extracranial vasculature, and temporomandibular joint disease.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Migraine headache; Primary headache; Rhinitis; Rhinosinusitis; Secondary headache; Sinusitis; Temporomandibular joint; Tension-type headache; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autonomic Nervous System / physiopathology
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Facial Pain / diagnosis*
  • Facial Pain / epidemiology
  • Facial Pain / therapy*
  • Headache / diagnosis*
  • Headache / epidemiology
  • Headache / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Meningeal Arteries / physiopathology
  • Migraine Disorders / diagnosis
  • Migraine Disorders / physiopathology
  • Migraine Disorders / therapy
  • Migraine without Aura / diagnosis
  • Migraine without Aura / physiopathology
  • Migraine without Aura / therapy
  • Neural Inhibition / physiology
  • Trigeminal Nuclei / physiopathology