The overexpression of Aurora kinase A (AURKA), a member of serine/threonine kinase family, has been observed in various types of human cancers. However, the role of AURKA in osteosarcoma (OS), the most common type of primary malignancy arising from bone, has not been clarified. We used AURKA-specific lentivirus-delivered short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to significantly and sustainably silence the endogenous AURKA expression in human OS cells SAOS-2 and U2OS. We found that AURKA downregulation in OS cells prominently decreased colony formation ability in vitro and tumorigenesis ability in vivo. We further evaluated the effect of AURKA silence on cell viability by MTT assay, cell apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometer detection. The results showed that AURKA silence inhibited cell viability by inducing cell apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in OS cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that AURKA plays a crucial role on OS growth by inhibiting cell apoptosis and propelling cell cycle. Inhibition of AURKA by lentivirus-delivered specific shRNA showed the therapeutic potential in treatment of osteosarcoma.