p85α deficiency protects β-cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 21;111(3):1192-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1322564111. Epub 2014 Jan 6.

Abstract

In insulin resistant states such as type 2 diabetes, there is a high demand on the β-cell to synthesize and secrete insulin, which challenges the ability of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to synthesize and fold nascent proteins. This creates a state of ER stress that triggers a coordinated program referred to as the unfolded protein response (UPR) that attempts to restore ER homeostasis. We identified a role for the p85α regulatory subunit of PI3K to modulate the UPR by promoting the nuclear localization of X-box binding protein 1, a transcription factor central to the UPR. In the present study we demonstrate that reducing p85α expression in β-cells can markedly delay the onset and severity of the diabetic phenotype observed in Akita(+/-) mice, which express a mutant insulin molecule. This is due to a decrease in activation of ER stress-dependent apoptotic pathways and a preservation of β-cell mass and function. These data demonstrate that modulation of p85α can protect pancreatic β-cells from ER stress, pointing to a potentially therapeutic target in diabetic states.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis*
  • Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / deficiency*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism*
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  • Genotype
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Hyperglycemia / metabolism
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / cytology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Organ Size
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Pancreas / physiology
  • Phenotype
  • Protein Denaturation
  • Protein Folding
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Insulin
  • Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
  • Glucose