Bonding effectiveness to different chemically pre-treated dental zirconia

Clin Oral Investig. 2014 Sep;18(7):1803-12. doi: 10.1007/s00784-013-1152-7. Epub 2013 Nov 27.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different chemical pre-treatments on the bond durability to dental zirconia.

Methods: Fully sintered IPS e.max ZirCAD (Ivoclar Vivadent) blocks were subjected to tribochemical silica sandblasting (CoJet, 3M ESPE). The zirconia samples were additionally pre-treated using one of four zirconia primers/adhesives (Clearfil Ceramic Primer, Kuraray Noritake; Monobond Plus, Ivoclar Vivadent; Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE; Z-PRIME Plus, Bisco). Finally, two identically pre-treated zirconia blocks were bonded together using composite cement (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE). The specimens were trimmed at the interface to a cylindrical hourglass and stored in distilled water (7 days, 37 °C), after which they were randomly tested as is or subjected to mechanical ageing involving cyclic tensile stress (10 N, 10 Hz, 10,000 cycles). Subsequently, the micro-tensile bond strength was determined, and SEM fractographic analysis performed.

Results: Weibull analysis revealed the highest Weibull scale and shape parameters for the 'Clearfil Ceramic Primer/mechanical ageing' combination. Chemical pre-treatment of CoJet (3M ESPE) sandblasted zirconia using Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray Noritake) and Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent) revealed a significantly higher bond strength than when Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE) and Z-PRIME Plus (Bisco) were used. After ageing, Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray Noritake) revealed the most stable bond durability.

Conclusion: Combined mechanical/chemical pre-treatment, the latter with either Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray Noritake) or Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent), resulted in the most durable bond to zirconia.

Clinical relevance: As a standard procedure to durably bond zirconia to tooth tissue, the application of a combined 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate/silane ceramic primer to zirconia is clinically highly recommended.

MeSH terms

  • Adhesiveness
  • Dental Bonding / methods*
  • Dental Cements / chemistry*
  • Dental Stress Analysis
  • Materials Testing
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Stress, Mechanical
  • Surface Properties
  • Tensile Strength
  • Time Factors
  • Zirconium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Dental Cements
  • Zirconium
  • zirconium oxide