Erythrocytosis, or polycythaemia, is an increase, in absolute terms, of the erythrocyte mass. The most common solid tumour related to this phenomenon is renal cell carcinoma, which can produce erythrocytosis by increasing erythropoietin production. About 30% of symptomatic renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed due to the appearance of a paraneoplastic syndrome. Polycythaemia is one of these. Surgery, (radical or partial nephrectomy), is the treatment of choice in renal cell carcinoma and helps to keep the erythrocytosis situation under control.
Keywords: Carcinoma renal de células claras; Eritrocitosis; Erythrocytosis; Paraneoplastic syndrome; Poliglobulia; Polycythaemia; Renal cell carcinoma; Síndrome paraneoplásico.
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