Like most countries in the Western world, most non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, are very much on the rise. Extensive research suggests that cancer is a preventable disease that requires a major change in lifestyle. The fourth International Translational Cancer Research Symposium on Cancer Prevention was convened from Dec. 16th through Dec. 19th, 2011 in Udaipur, Rajasthan, the largest state located on the northwestern side of India. Scientists, clinicians, and trainees from different countries participated in this conference to discuss biological processes involved in cancer and various avenues to prevent cancer. It became clear from this conference that tobacco use, alcohol consumption, diet and obesity, radiation, and pollution may account for many carcinomas.