The mechanisms underlying organisms respond to and protect from hyperoxia remain elusive. We establish a system for cultivating the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in liquid medium under 100% O(2) and revealed that SRX1, encoding sulfiredoxin, is significantly induced by 100% O(2) dependently on transcription factors Yap1 and Skn7. Sulfiredoxin has a role in restoring the abundant peroxiredoxin, Tsa1. Tsa1 was indispensable for protection from 100% O(2) in the presence of antimycin A, an inhibitor of complex III in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, collectively emphasizing the significance of sulfiredoxin, peroxiredoxin, and mitochondrial respiratory chain to respond to and to protect from 100% O(2).

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