Induction of osteogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells by microstructured nitinol actuator-mediated mechanical stress

PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051264. Epub 2012 Dec 7.

Abstract

The development of large tissue engineered bone remains a challenge in vitro, therefore the use of hybrid-implants might offer a bridge between tissue engineering and dense metal or ceramic implants. Especially the combination of the pseudoelastic implant material Nitinol (NiTi) with adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) opens new opportunities, as ASCs are able to differentiate osteogenically and therefore enhance osseointegration of implants. Due to limited knowledge about the effects of NiTi-structures manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) on ASCs the study started with an evaluation of cytocompatibility followed by the investigation of the use of SLM-generated 3-dimensional NiTi-structures preseeded with ASCs as osteoimplant model. In this study we could demonstrate for the first time that osteogenic differentiation of ASCs can be induced by implant-mediated mechanical stimulation without support of osteogenic cell culture media. By use of an innovative implant design and synthesis via SLM-technique we achieved high rates of vital cells, proper osteogenic differentiation and mechanically loadable NiTi-scaffolds could be achieved.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / cytology*
  • Alloys / chemistry*
  • Anthraquinones
  • Cell Culture Techniques
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology*
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Humans
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Osteogenesis / physiology*
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Stem Cells / physiology*
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Tissue Scaffolds*

Substances

  • Alloys
  • Anthraquinones
  • nitinol
  • alizarin

Grants and funding

The German Research Foundation funded this work within the Collaborative Research Centre TransRegio 37 “Micro- and Nanosystems in Medicine – Reconstruction of biologic Functions”. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.