Malnutrition in cirrhosis: contribution and consequences of sarcopenia on metabolic and clinical responses

Clin Liver Dis. 2012 Feb;16(1):95-131. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2011.12.009. Epub 2012 Jan 23.

Abstract

Malnutrition is the most common, reversible complication of cirrhosis that adversely affects survival, response to other complications, and quality of life. Sarcopenia, or loss of skeletal muscle mass, and loss of adipose tissue and altered substrate use as a source of energy are the 2 major components of malnutrition in cirrhosis. Current therapies include high protein supplementation especially as a late evening snack. Exercise protocols have the potential of aggravating hyperammonemia and portal hypertension. Recent advances in understanding the molecular regulation of muscle mass has helped identify potential novel therapeutic targets including myostatin antagonists, and mTOR resistance.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / diet therapy
  • Liver Cirrhosis / metabolism*
  • Malnutrition / diet therapy
  • Malnutrition / metabolism*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Sarcopenia / metabolism*

Substances

  • Dietary Proteins