Improved outcome prediction using CT angiography in addition to standard ischemic stroke assessment: results from the STOPStroke study

PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030352. Epub 2012 Jan 20.

Abstract

Purpose: To improve ischemic stroke outcome prediction using imaging information from a prospective cohort who received admission CT angiography (CTA).

Methods: In a prospectively designed study, 649 stroke patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke had admission NIH stroke scale scores, noncontrast CT (NCCT), CTA, and 6-month outcome assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores. Poor outcome was defined as mRS>2. Strokes were classified as "major" by the (1) Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS+) if NCCT ASPECTS was ≤7; (2) Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale (BASIS+) if they were ASPECTS+ or CTA showed occlusion of the distal internal carotid, proximal middle cerebral, or basilar arteries; and (3) NIHSS for scores >10.

Results: Of 649 patients, 253 (39.0%) had poor outcomes. NIHSS, BASIS, and age, but not ASPECTS, were independent predictors of outcome. BASIS and NIHSS had similar sensitivities, both superior to ASPECTS (p<0.0001). Combining NIHSS with BASIS was highly predictive: 77.6% (114/147) classified as NIHSS>10/BASIS+ had poor outcomes, versus 21.5% (77/358) with NIHSS≤10/BASIS- (p<0.0001), regardless of treatment. The odds ratios for poor outcome is 12.6 (95% CI: 7.9 to 20.0) in patients who are NIHSS>10/BASIS+ compared to patients who are NIHSS≤10/BASIS-; the odds ratio is 5.4 (95% CI: 3.5 to 8.5) when compared to patients who are only NIHSS>10 or BASIS+.

Conclusions: BASIS and NIHSS are independent outcome predictors. Their combination is stronger than either instrument alone in predicting outcomes. The findings suggest that CTA is a significant clinical tool in routine acute stroke assessment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnosis*
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Cerebral Angiography / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Stroke / diagnosis*
  • Stroke / diagnostic imaging*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*