Kefirs are natural probiotic compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties which were tested in experimental burn injury. Kefir gels were prepared from an extract of continuously cultured kefir grains in MRS Broth medium for 24, 48 and 96h. Similar burn injuries were made on dorsal skin surface of 56 rats. After 24h the wounds were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The infected rats were divided in to 7 groups of 8 rats each. The base gel, silver sulfadiazine ointment, kefir 24h gel, kefir 48h gel, kefir 96h gel and kefir grains 96h gel were applied twice a day. Burn wound area was measured at baseline, one and two weeks. After two weeks the animals in all groups were sacrificed and whole skin wound areas were removed and percentage of epithelization, scar formation, inflammation and angiogenesis were evaluated. Results indicated that at the end of the 2nd week the percentage of wound size were lowest in order of kefir 96h gel<kefir grains 96h gel<kefir 48h gel<kefir 24h gel<silver sulfadiazine 1%<untreated and based gel groups. At the end of the 2nd week the percentage of inflammation was lower and percentage of epithelization and scar formation was higher in order of kefir 96h gel, kefir grains 96h gel, kefir 48h gel, kefir 24h gel, silver sulfadiazine 1%, base gel and untreated groups. In conclusion the kefir gel therapy was an effective therapeutic approach to improve outcomes after severe burn as compared to conventional silver sulfadiazine treatment.
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