Abstract
The major principles of management of bladder function during outpatient neuraxial blockade include choice of short-acting local anesthetics, avoidance of adding epinephrine, and reasonable fluid administration (750 to 1000 mL) to avoid overdistention of the bladder. Data suggest that low-risk patients are at no greater risk of retention than after general anesthesia, and may be discharged home with similar instructions regarding return if unable to void. High-risk patients may require closer monitoring with a BUS, and catheter drainage if volumes exceed 600 mL.
MeSH terms
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Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
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Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / methods
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Anesthesia, Spinal / adverse effects*
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Anesthesia, Spinal / methods
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Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
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Anesthetics, Local / adverse effects*
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Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
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Bupivacaine / adverse effects
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Humans
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Lidocaine / administration & dosage
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Lidocaine / adverse effects
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Nerve Block / adverse effects
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Nerve Block / methods
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Procaine / administration & dosage
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Procaine / adverse effects
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Procaine / analogs & derivatives
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Urinary Retention / etiology*
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Urinary Retention / prevention & control
Substances
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Anesthetics, Local
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Procaine
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chloroprocaine
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Lidocaine
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Bupivacaine