Mechanisms of rapid induction of interleukin-22 in activated T cells and its modulation by cyclosporin a

J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 10;287(7):4531-43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.286492. Epub 2011 Dec 14.

Abstract

IL-22 is an immunoregulatory cytokine displaying pathological functions in models of autoimmunity like experimental psoriasis. Understanding molecular mechanisms driving IL-22, together with knowledge on the capacity of current immunosuppressive drugs to target this process, may open an avenue to novel therapeutic options. Here, we sought to characterize regulation of human IL22 gene expression with focus on the established model of Jurkat T cells. Moreover, effects of the prototypic immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) were investigated. We report that IL-22 induction by TPA/A23187 (T/A) or αCD3 is inhibited by CsA or related FK506. Similar data were obtained with peripheral blood mononuclear cells or purified CD3(+) T cells. IL22 promoter analysis (-1074 to +156 bp) revealed a role of an NF-AT (-95/-91 nt) and a CREB (-194/-190 nt) binding site for gene induction. Indeed, binding of CREB and NF-ATc2, but not c-Rel, under the influence of T/A to those elements could be proven by ChIP. Because CsA has the capability to impair IκB kinase (IKK) complex activation, the IKKα/β inhibitor IKKVII was evaluated. IKKVII likewise reduced IL-22 induction in Jurkat cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Interestingly, transfection of Jurkat cells with siRNA directed against IKKα impaired IL22 gene expression. Data presented suggest that NF-AT, CREB, and IKKα contribute to rapid IL22 gene induction. In particular the crucial role of NF-AT detected herein may form the basis of direct action of CsA on IL-22 expression by T cells, which may contribute to therapeutic efficacy of the drug in autoimmunity.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Autoimmune Diseases / drug therapy
  • Autoimmune Diseases / genetics
  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
  • Calcimycin / pharmacology
  • Calcium Ionophores / pharmacology
  • Carcinogens / pharmacology
  • Cyclosporine / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation / immunology
  • Humans
  • I-kappa B Kinase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • I-kappa B Kinase / genetics
  • I-kappa B Kinase / immunology
  • I-kappa B Kinase / metabolism
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology*
  • Interleukin-22
  • Interleukins / biosynthesis*
  • Interleukins / genetics
  • Interleukins / immunology
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / genetics
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Male
  • Response Elements / physiology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology
  • Transcription Factors

Substances

  • Calcium Ionophores
  • Carcinogens
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Interleukins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Calcimycin
  • Cyclosporine
  • I-kappa B Kinase
  • Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate