Effect of support and second metal in catalytic in-situ generation of hydrogen peroxide by Pd-supported catalysts: application in the removal of organic pollutants by means of the Fenton process

Water Sci Technol. 2011;63(9):2017-24. doi: 10.2166/wst.2011.452.

Abstract

A catalytic system for the generation of H2O2 from formic acid and oxygen at ambient conditions has been developed. Pd-supported catalysts (Pd/C, Pd/TiO2 and Pd/Al2O3) have been tested, showing that for bulk purposes Pd/Al2O3 is more favourable while for in-situ applications Pd/TiO2 seems to be preferable. However, when these catalysts were tested in the in-situ H2O2 generation for the oxidation of phenol by means of the Fenton process (in the presence of ferrous ion), Pd/TiO2 did not demonstrate the expected results, whereas Pd/Al2O3 showed to be an efficient catalyst. Therefore, Pd/Al2O3 is offered as a good catalyst for Fenton's reactions with in-situ generated H2O2. In order to optimize the operating cost of the process, different initial concentrations of formic acid have been tested with Pd/Al2O3, and it has been seen that lowering the initial amount of formic acid favours the efficiency of the process. The effect of the addition of a second metallic (Pt, Au, Fe, Cu) active phase was studied. Concerning H2O2 generation, best results were obtained with a Pd-Au catalyst for bulk production (long time) while for in-situ application Pd-Fe showed interesting results. The Pd-Fe catalyst also performed similarly to the semi-heterogeneous Fenton system involving Pd/Al2O3 and ferrous ion in the degradation of phenol. Therefore, Pd-Fe catalyst offered an interesting prospect for making a full heterogeneous catalyst for Fenton reaction involving in-situ generation of H2O2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Formates
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / chemistry*
  • Iron
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Oxygen
  • Palladium / chemistry*
  • Time Factors
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / chemistry*
  • Water Purification / methods*

Substances

  • Fenton's reagent
  • Formates
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • formic acid
  • Palladium
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Iron
  • Oxygen