The effect of HNE on OCR and ECAR was assessed using a Protocol 1-style strategy. Panel A: After establishing baseline OCR in NRVM seeded to 75,000 cells/well, HNE was injected to a final concentration of 5 μM (open squares, solid line) or 20 μM (closed squares, dashed line). The effect on OCR was followed for an additional 4 h. Panel B: Same as Panel A, except ECAR was measured. Panel C: MES-13 were seeded at 30,000 cells/well, baseline OCR was established then HNE was injected at 5 μM (open squares, solid line) or 20 μM (closed squares, dashed line) and OCR was followed for 2 h. Panel D: Same as Panel E, except ECAR was measured. Panel E: After establishing baseline OCR in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, HNE was injected to a final concentration of 0, 10, 15, or 20 μM. The effect on OCR was followed for an additional 2 h. Panel F: Same as Panel E, except ECAR was measured. Panel G: NRVM were exposed to 5, 10, or 20 μM HNE for 1 h. OCR and ECAR are plotted against each other from this single time point. Panel H: MES13 cells were exposed to 5, or 20 μM HNE for 1 h. OCR and ECAR are plotted against each other from this single time point. Panel I: Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 10, 15, or 20 μM HNE for 1 h. OCR and ECAR are plotted against each other from this single time point. All data shown are the mean ± sem. n≥3 per treatment group. Statistical significance is omitted for clarity. Where error bars are not visible, they are smaller than the data point symbol. Data in panels A, B and G are adapted from [].