Abstract
Infectivity of pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1) infectivity is shown to be activated through proteolytic cleavage of hemagglutinin HA0 --> HA1 + HA2 during virus propagation in the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 and chicken embryonated eggs. Injection of aprotinin, a natural serine protease inhibitor, into the liquid culture or allantoic cavity of chicken embryos inhibited the proteolysis of the viral HA0 and suppressed the proteolytic activation of the synthesized virus and its multicycle replication. These data allow aprotinin to be recommended as an antiviral drug for the treatment of swine influenza in humans.
MeSH terms
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Allantois / virology
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Animals
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Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
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Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
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Aprotinin / pharmacology*
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Aprotinin / therapeutic use
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Caco-2 Cells
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Chick Embryo
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Dogs
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Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / metabolism*
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Humans
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / chemistry
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / physiology*
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Influenza, Human / drug therapy*
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Influenza, Human / prevention & control
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Influenza, Human / virology
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Pandemics / prevention & control
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Reassortant Viruses / chemistry
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Reassortant Viruses / physiology*
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Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Virus Replication / drug effects*
Substances
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Antiviral Agents
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
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Aprotinin