The hearing disorders of the child between 3 and 12 years are dominated by the conductive hearing loss. The questioning, looking for risk factors, as well as the otoscopy are essential to detect and diagnose a hearing disorder. Screening tests help to identify the children with risk of hearing loss. Then, the child is sent for diagnosis towards an ENT specialist or a specialized structure. In spite of the frequency of the conductive hearing loss, in case of the slightest doubt, a sensorineural hearing loss must be always looked for by a puretone audiometry examination via the headphones.