Objectives: The study's objective was to evaluate the adequacy of treatment to recommendations, for the management of pediatric malaria.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, multicentre cohort study was conducted over a 7-year period (2000-2006) in 18 pediatric and infectious diseases units in northern France. All children, under 18 years of age, having consulted in one of these hospitals and for whom the diagnosis of malaria has been made by blood smear and/or thick drop examination, were included.
Results: One hundred and thirty-three cases of imported malaria were reported. Among the 120 available files, 23 documented severe malaria. Treatment documentation was available for 115 patients. This treatment was initiated orally in 47 cases and intravenously in 68 cases. Intravenous quinine was the first-line treatment in 58% of cases. Halofantrine was the first-line oral treatment. No change was observed along the 6 years. Only 32% of management was in adequacy with recommendations. Five therapeutic failures were recorded. The optimal application of recommendations would have saved 117 days in terms of hospital stay, corresponding to 54,000 €.
Conclusions: The French Infectious Disease Society (SPILF) recommendations were not well observed. This inappropriate management was responsible for treatment failures and increased costs.
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