Incidence of and risk factors for community acquired pneumonia in US HIV-infected children, 2000-2005

AIDS. 2011 Mar 13;25(5):717-20. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283440583.

Abstract

The incidence of and risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are described from 2000 to 2005 in a multicenter US cohort of HIV-infected children. In 736 patients, 87 episodes of CAP (33.2 events/1000 person-years) had a mean CD4% of 23% (controls: 30%) and mean CD4 cell count of 668 cells/μl (controls: 870 cells/μl). CAP incidence decreased 44% from 2000-2001 to 2002-2005. On multivariate analysis, viral load at least 100 000 copies/ml (odds ratio 3.98; confidence interval 1.05-15.13) was associated with CAP. Herd immunity through pneumococcal immunization may have diluted the effect of individual immunization in this cohort.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Community-Acquired Infections / drug therapy
  • Community-Acquired Infections / epidemiology*
  • Community-Acquired Infections / etiology
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Pneumonia / complications*
  • Pneumonia / drug therapy
  • Pneumonia / etiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Viral Load
  • Young Adult