QM/MM study of dehydro and dihydro β-ionone retinal analogues in squid and bovine rhodopsins: implications for vision in salamander rhodopsin

J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Nov 17;132(45):15856-9. doi: 10.1021/ja105050p. Epub 2010 Oct 21.

Abstract

Visual pigment rhodopsin provides a decisive crossing point for interaction between organisms and environment. Naturally occurring visual pigments contain only PSB11 and 3,4-dehydro-PSB11 as chromophores. Therefore, the ability of visual opsin to discriminate between the retinal geometries is investigated by means of QM/MM incorporation of PSB11, 6-s-cis and 6-s-trans forms of 3,4-dehydro-PSB11, and 3,4-dehydro-5,6-dihydro-PSB11 and 5,6-dihydro-PSB11 analogues into squid and bovine rhodopsin environments. The analogue-protein interaction reveals the binding site of squid rhodopsin to be malleable and ductile, while that of bovine rhodopsin is rigid and stiff. On the basis of these studies, a tentative model of the salamander rhodopsin binding site is also proposed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Decapodiformes
  • Norisoprenoids / chemistry*
  • Retinaldehyde / analogs & derivatives*
  • Retinaldehyde / chemistry*
  • Rhodopsin / chemistry*
  • Schiff Bases / chemistry
  • Urodela / physiology*
  • Vision, Ocular*

Substances

  • Norisoprenoids
  • Schiff Bases
  • Rhodopsin
  • beta-ionone
  • Retinaldehyde