The insulin sensitivity response is determined by the interaction between the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene and dietary fat

Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Feb;55(2):328-35. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201000235. Epub 2010 Sep 7.

Abstract

Scope: Insulin resistance, a condition associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, results from the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of the G972R polymorphism at the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene on insulin sensitivity in a healthy young population. Furthermore, we examined whether the presence of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; GR or GG) interacts with dietary fat to modulate insulin sensitivity.

Methods and results: Fifty-nine healthy volunteers consumed three diets during 4 wk each following a randomized crossover design: a saturated fatty acid diet, a low-fat and high carbohydrate (CHO) diet or a MUFA diet. For each diet, we investigated peripheral insulin sensitivity with the insulin suppression test. Steady-state plasma glucose and plasma-free fatty acids concentrations were significantly lower in GR subjects after the intake of a CHO diet, than did homozygous GG subjects (p<0.05). However, no differences were observed after consuming the two other diets.

Conclusions: Insulin sensitivity increased in GR subjects for the G972R polymorphism at the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene locus, after intake of a CHO diet. Increased knowledge of how these and other genes influence insulin sensitivity should increase the understanding of personalized nutrition.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Diet, Fat-Restricted
  • Dietary Carbohydrates / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage*
  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / administration & dosage
  • Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / blood
  • Female
  • Genetic Association Studies
  • Heterozygote
  • Humans
  • Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / genetics*
  • Insulin Resistance / genetics*
  • Lipoproteins / blood
  • Male
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Spain
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Dietary Carbohydrates
  • Dietary Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
  • Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
  • IRS1 protein, human
  • Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins
  • Lipoproteins
  • lipoprotein cholesterol
  • Cholesterol