Background: Liposarcoma in subcutaneous location is rare, and dedifferentiation is extremely rare.
Case: A 65-year-old woman presented with a mass in the upper back of 13 years' duration with a recent history of increase in size. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass and axillary lymph nodes showed pleomorphic cells and lipoblasts. Cytologic diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma was done and was later confirmed on histopathology.
Conclusion: Diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma can be attempted on fine needle aspiration cytology smears.