Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart muscle disease characterized by ventricular chamber enlargement and systolic dysfunction with normal left ventricular wall thickness. The pathogenesis of DCM has been extensively studied for many years, but it remains elusive. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine with anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiatherogenic properties. To assess the role of adiponectin in DCM, we examined two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene, rs1501299 and rs2241766. A total of 203 DCM patients and 258 control subjects were recruited in this study and all single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. No statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies were observed between DCM and controls with any of the adiponectin genetic variants. These data may provide evidence that adiponectin polymorphisms do not play a role in the susceptibility of DCM in the Han Chinese population.