Abstract
The water extract of the lettuce Lactuca sativa, but not the ethyl acetate extract, inhibited the growth of HL-60 leukaemia cells and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This correlated with the activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2), the induction of the tumour suppressor p21, and the severe downregulation of the proto-oncogene cyclin D1. The ethyl acetate extract, but not the water extract, induced HL-60 cell death, which correlated with the acetylation of alpha-tubulin. The acetylation of alpha-tubulin is indicative for microtubuli stabilisation such as induced by taxol. The calculated amount for human intake would require approximately 3 kg lettuce to reach the required concentration shown to inhibit 50% HL-60 proliferation.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Acetylation
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
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Blotting, Western
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Cell Cycle Proteins / drug effects*
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Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
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Checkpoint Kinase 2
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Cyclin D1 / drug effects
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Cyclin D1 / metabolism
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / drug effects
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / metabolism
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Down-Regulation
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Humans
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Lactuca / chemistry*
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / drug effects
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
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Proto-Oncogene Mas
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Tubulin / drug effects
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Tubulin / metabolism
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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Cell Cycle Proteins
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
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MAS1 protein, human
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Plant Extracts
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Proto-Oncogene Mas
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Tubulin
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Cyclin D1
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Checkpoint Kinase 2
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CHEK2 protein, human
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases