A progression through the design of a bistable toggle switch. The starting symbol, S, () is where each design begins, and it is transformed into a transcription cassette, CAS, (). Since the toggle switch contains two transcription cassettes, the single cassette is doubled (). The design we are following has the cassettes oriented in opposite directions, and we achieve this by transforming the left cassette to the tpc- option, and the right to the tcp+ option (), which contain a promoter, cistron, and terminator, but in opposite orientations. The right cassette is meant to express a transcriptional repressor and reporter gene in a bicistronic manner, so the cistron is doubled by selecting the 2cis+ option (). Each cistron is then decomposed to a RBS and gene (), with the RBS and gene in the reverse orientation in the left cassette. Selection of the specific promoters, RBSs, genes, and terminators produces a final construct that is associated with a DNA sequence ().