Efficacy of a novel Pasteurella multocida vaccine against progressive atrophic rhinitis of swine

Vaccine. 2009 May 14;27(22):2923-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.005. Epub 2009 Mar 13.

Abstract

The efficacy of a novel vaccine composed of three short recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) proteins in combination with a bi-valent P. multocida whole-cell bacterin (rsPMT-PM) was evaluated in field studies for prevention and control of progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) of swine at 15 conventional farrow-to-finish farms. Experimental piglets that were immunized twice with the rsPMT-PM vaccine developed detectable titers of neutralizing antibodies (greater than 1:8) that prevented the growth retardation and pathological lesions typically observed following challenge with authentic PMT. A total of 542 sows were vaccinated once or twice prior to parturition and serum neutralizing antibody titers were evaluated. Both single and double vaccination protocols induced neutralizing antibody titers of 1:16 or higher in 62% and 74% of sows, respectively. Notably, neither sows nor piglets at a farm experiencing a severe outbreak of PAR at the time of the vaccination trial had detectable antibody titers, but antibody titers increased significantly to 1:16 or higher in 40% of sows following double vaccination. During the year after vaccination, clinical signs of PAR decreased in fattening pigs and growth performance improved sufficiently to reduce the rearing period until marketing by 2 weeks. Collectively, these results indicate that the rsPMT-PM vaccine could be used to provide protective immunity for controlling the prevalence and severity of PAR among farm-raised swine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
  • Bacterial Vaccines / immunology*
  • Immunization, Secondary
  • Nasal Cavity / pathology
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Pasteurella Infections / prevention & control*
  • Pasteurella multocida / immunology*
  • Rhinitis, Atrophic / microbiology
  • Rhinitis, Atrophic / veterinary*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Swine / growth & development
  • Swine Diseases / microbiology
  • Swine Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Subunit