Mucosal colonization of gastric endocrine tumors mimicking mixed neoplasms

Virchows Arch. 2008 Feb;452(2):169-74. doi: 10.1007/s00428-007-0525-1. Epub 2007 Dec 14.

Abstract

Two cases of gastric tumors showing mixed composition of endocrine cell clusters and exocrine glands and originally diagnosed as mixed neoplasms are described. In both cases, the exocrine glandular component was restricted to the upper third of the neoplasms being consistently absent in areas of muscular wall invasion and, in case 2, in nodal metastases. These glands were in close anatomical contiguity with the glands of the overlying gastric mucosa or, in case 1, apparently derived from deep pouch-like invaginations of the mucosa. They showed either lack of dysplasia (case 1) or mild dysplasia (case 2) with a Ki67 proliferation index consistently lower than that of the intramucosal glands. The intratumoral glands presented intestinal metaplastic features confirmed by intense Cdx2 immunostaining that, conversely, was absent in the endocrine component of the tumors. The latter showed intense vesicular monoamine transporter 2 immunoreactivity consistent with its origin from the enterochromaffin-like cells of the gastric oxyntic mucosa. On the basis of these findings, it is proposed that the exocrine glands do not represent a true neoplastic component of the tumors. Although mucosal entrapment by the tumor cannot be ruled out, they more likely reflect a hitherto unrecognized mechanism of mucosal colonization of gastric endocrine tumors.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • CDX2 Transcription Factor
  • Carcinoid Tumor / metabolism
  • Carcinoid Tumor / secondary*
  • Carcinoid Tumor / surgery
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Enterochromaffin Cells / metabolism
  • Enterochromaffin Cells / pathology*
  • Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Intestines / pathology
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Metaplasia
  • Middle Aged
  • Mixed Tumor, Malignant / diagnosis*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / surgery
  • Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CDX2 Transcription Factor
  • CDX2 protein, human
  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • Ki-67 Antigen
  • Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins