Cadaveric human cornea transplantation is impossible without a specialized tissue donor service, Eye Tissue Bank. An original medical technological system of Eye Tissue Bank was developed at Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex, a federal state institution. The system is still unique in the world; it is grounded upon the concept of the pharmacological protection of the graft and is oriented towards prevention of energodeficiency both in donor cornea and in the recipient's organism at all stages from the selection and preservation of cadaveric material till postoperative pharmacological correction of the recipient. The working experience of Eye Microsurgery Complex has shown the significance of the developed medical technological system for clinical ophthalmology and rehabilitation of the blind and patients with impaired vision in Russian Federation.