Growth parameters were estimated for Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858) (Characiformes, Characidae), a small-sized and very abundant fish of the Pantanal lentic habitats commonly known as "pequira ". A method based on the length frequencies distribution and the ELEFAN I routine from the FISAT program were used. The fish were collected in the Baia da Onça, an oxbowlake of the sub-region Pantanal of Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from June to December 1988. The standard length of the captured fishes ranged from 29 to 76 mm with an average of 53 mm. The estimated growth parameters were L(infinity) = 81 mm (standard length), k = 0.85 year(-1), C = 0.89, WP = 0.6 (Rn = 0.285). The WP indicated that growth reduction occurred in July, when the lowest temperature of the year was registered. The growth curve showed that captured individuals belonged to three cohorts. The obtained results seem robust and quite compatible with the biology of the fish and its adjustment to the environment. M. dichroura, in spite of not being a direct fishing interest, is an important species in terms of its ecological aspects, due to its abundance and high growth rate, and as a great food source for aquatic organisms and specially for larger fish of economic value. Considering the information gap about small fish, the parameters estimated for pequira constitute a comparison base for other growth studies of small-sized fish species of tropical environments.