Synthesis and application of a carbamazepine-imprinted polymer for solid-phase extraction from urine and wastewater

Anal Chim Acta. 2007 Jul 30;597(1):6-11. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.06.040. Epub 2007 Jun 23.

Abstract

A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) designed to enable the selective extraction of carbamazepine (CBZ) from effluent wastewater and urine samples has been synthesised using a non-covalent molecular imprinting approach. The MIP was evaluated chromatographically in the first instance and its affinity for CBZ also confirmed by solid-phase extraction (SPE). The optimal conditions for SPE consisted of conditioning of the cartridge using acidified water purified from a Milli-Q system, loading of the sample under basic aqueous conditions, clean-up using acetonitrile and elution with methanol. The attractive molecular recognition properties of the MIP gave rise to good CBZ recoveries (80%) when 100 mL of effluent water spiked with 1 microg L(-1) was percolated through the polymer. For urine samples, 2 mL samples spiked with 2.5 microg L(-1) CBZ were extracted with a recovery of 65%. For urine, the linear range was 0.05-24 mg L(-1), the limit of detection was 25 microg L(-1) and precision, expressed as relative standard deviation at 0.5 mg L(-1) (n=3), was 3.1% and 12.6% for repeatability and reproducibility between days, respectively.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anticonvulsants / analysis*
  • Anticonvulsants / chemistry
  • Anticonvulsants / urine
  • Carbamazepine / analysis*
  • Carbamazepine / chemistry
  • Carbamazepine / urine
  • Humans
  • Methacrylates / chemistry
  • Nitriles / chemistry
  • Polymers / chemical synthesis*
  • Polymers / chemistry
  • Solid Phase Extraction
  • Vinyl Compounds / chemistry
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Methacrylates
  • Nitriles
  • Polymers
  • Vinyl Compounds
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • methacrylic acid
  • Carbamazepine
  • azobis(isobutyronitrile)
  • divinyl benzene