Omega-3 fatty acids and the benefits of fish consumption: is all that glitters gold?

Environ Int. 2007 Oct;33(7):993-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.05.001. Epub 2007 May 30.

Abstract

In recent years, a number of studies have clearly remarked the nutritional benefits of fish consumption: proteins, vitamins, minerals, and especially omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which may protect against several adverse health effects, including coronary heart disease mortality and stroke. However, some concerns about potential health risks derived from the environmental contaminants found in fish have been also raised. Therefore, balancing adequately the risks and benefits of fish consumption is currently a nutritional/environmental health key issue. In this paper, the most recent available scientific information concerning this issue is reviewed. It is concluded that although it seems evident that fish must be an important part of a balanced diet, to choose the most suitable species in terms of levels of PUFAs and pollutants, the frequency of consumption, and the meal size are essential aspects to balance benefits and risks of a regular consumption.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Eating
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / adverse effects*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / therapeutic use*
  • Fish Oils / adverse effects
  • Fish Oils / therapeutic use
  • Fishes*
  • Food Contamination
  • Humans
  • Mercury Poisoning
  • Risk Assessment
  • Seafood / adverse effects
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*

Substances

  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Fish Oils
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical