Structural basis of chemokine receptor function--a model for binding affinity and ligand selectivity

Biosci Rep. 2006 Oct;26(5):325-39. doi: 10.1007/s10540-006-9025-9.

Abstract

Chemokine receptors play fundamental roles in human physiology from embryogenesis to inflammatory response. The receptors belong to the G-protein coupled receptor class, and are activated by chemokine ligands with a range of specificities and affinities that result in a complicated network of interactions. The molecular basis for function is largely a black box, and can be directly attributed to the lack of structural information on the receptors. Studies to date indicate that function can be best described by a two-site model, that involves interactions between the receptor N-domain and ligand N-terminal loop residues (site-I), and between receptor extracellular loop and the ligand N-terminal residues (site-II). In this review, we describe how the two-site model could modulate binding affinity and ligand selectivity, and also highlight some of the unique chemokine receptor features, and their role in function.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Models, Biological
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Receptors, Chemokine / chemistry*
  • Receptors, Chemokine / physiology*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / chemistry*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thermodynamics

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Receptors, Chemokine
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled