Direct interaction of the kringle domain of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and integrin alpha v beta 3 induces signal transduction and enhances plasminogen activation

Thromb Haemost. 2006 Mar;95(3):524-34. doi: 10.1160/TH05-06-0457.

Abstract

It has been questioned whether there are receptors for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) that facilitate plasminogen activation other than the high affinity uPA receptor (uPAR/CD87) since studies of uPAR knockout mice did not support a major role of uPAR in plasminogen activation. uPA also promotes cell adhesion, chemotaxis, and proliferation besides plasminogen activation. These uPA-induced signaling events are not mediated by uPAR, but mediated by unidentified, lower-affinity receptors for the uPA kringle. We found that uPA binds specifically to integrin alpha v beta 3 on CHO cells depleted of uPAR. The binding of uPA to alpha v beta 3 required the uPA kringle domain. The isolated uPA kringle domain binds specifically to purified, recombinant soluble, and cell surface alpha v beta 3, and other integrins (alpha 4 beta 1 and alpha 9 beta 1), and induced migration of CHO cells in an alpha v beta 3-dependent manner. The binding of the uPA kringle to alpha v beta 3 and uPA kringle-induced alpha v beta 3-dependent cell migration were blocked by homologous plasminogen kringles 1-3 or 1-4 (angiostatin), a known integrin antagonist. We studied whether the binding of uPA to integrin alpha v beta 3 through the kringle domain plays a role in plasminogen activation. On CHO cell depleted of uPAR, uPA enhanced plasminogen activation in a kringle and alpha v beta 3-dependent manner. Endothelial cells bound to and migrated on uPA and uPA kringle in an alpha v beta 3-dependent manner. These results suggest that uPA binding to integrins through the kringle domain plays an important role in both plasminogen activation and uPA-induced intracellular signaling. The uPA kringle-integrin interaction may represent a novel therapeutic target for cancer, inflammation, and vascular remodeling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Angiostatins / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cell Movement
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / ultrastructure
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / drug effects
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / genetics
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / metabolism*
  • Kringles*
  • Plasminogen / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / deficiency
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transfection
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / chemistry
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / metabolism*
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / pharmacology

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3
  • Plaur protein, mouse
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Angiostatins
  • Plasminogen
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator