Monitoring the real-time kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins

Biol Chem. 2005 Nov;386(11):1105-14. doi: 10.1515/BC.2005.127.

Abstract

The conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) by guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (GNBPs) is a fundamental enzyme reaction in living cells that acts as an important timer in a variety of biological processes. This reaction is intrinsically slow but can be stimulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) by several orders of magnitude. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized a new fluorescent nucleotide, 2'(3')-O-(N-ethylcarbamoyl-(5''-carboxytetramethylrhodamine) amide)-GTP, or tamraGTP, which is sensitive towards conformational changes of certain GNBPs induced by GTP hydrolysis. Unlike other fluorescent nucleotides, tamra-GTP allows real-time monitoring of the kinetics of the intrinsic and GAP-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis reactions of small GNBPs from the Rho family.

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemical synthesis
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases / metabolism
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / chemistry*
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / analogs & derivatives*
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / chemical synthesis
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / chemistry
  • Hydrolysis
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Molecular
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / chemistry
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • tamraGTP
  • Guanosine Triphosphate
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases
  • GTP-Binding Proteins
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
  • rho GTP-Binding Proteins