The present study was designed to determine the contribution of N-type, P/Q-type and L-type calcium channels in the rostral ventromedial medulla to tactile allodynia following peripheral nerve injury. L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation in rats produced tactile allodynia, which was dose-dependently inhibited by intrarostral ventromedial medulla microinjection of the N-type calcium channel antagonist omega-conotoxin MVIIA. Similarly, intrarostral ventromedial medulla microinjection of the P/Q-type calcium channel antagonist omega-agatoxin IVA inhibited spinal nerve ligation-induced tactile allodynia, whereas intrarostral ventromedial medulla microinjection of the L-type calcium channel antagonist nimodipine had no effect. These results demonstrate that N-type and P/Q-type calcium channels in the rostral ventromedial medulla contribute to tactile allodynia following peripheral neuropathy, likely via neurotransmitter-mediated activation of descending facilitatory systems from the rostral ventromedial medulla.